The Compound Feed Manufacturers Association (CLFMA), the apex organisation announces webinar on “Animal Husbandry Infrastructure Development Fund (AHIDF)” in association with Department of Animal Husbandry & Dairying on 28th July 2021 from 15:00 hrs/3:00 pm onwards.
Synopsis: This article discusses about importance of overall gut health and working on all contributing factors needful for this approach, considering the complex interactions between different parts i.e., Feed, microbiota and host immunity”
Gut health is crucial for the performance, health and welfare of poultry. It is important to maximize our profits and minimize loses. It is important for:
Utilization of the feed efficiently and at optimum level
Exploiting the genetic worth of birds so that to have maximum production in the form of meat and eggs
Achieving the optimal Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR)
Ensuring quality produce in the form of meat and eggs
Eliminating digestive problems and gut disturbances
General health and welfare of the poultry
Avoiding the spread of pathogenic microorganisms present in feces to other birds in the same batch or the following batches of birds
To have healthy gut, it should have optimum development, balanced microbiome, free from toxins and adequate secretory function. Any alteration or abnormality in these functions leads to gut upset and loss of nutrients.
GIT: An organ with complex functions
GIT is simply described as “the gut” is made up of:
The epithelium
Diverse and robust immune system
Commensal bacteria
Competitive Exclusion: Potent defense mechanism
The presence of normal bacterial microbiota in the intestine makes it more difficult for pathogenic bacteria to enter the animal through the GI tract as there is competition for living space, epithelial attachment sites and available nutrients.
Further, many intestinal microbes are capable of producing antibacterial substances like bacteriocin and the intestinal microbiota is also thought to play a role in the normal development of intestinal immunity. This mechanism, where a healthy intestinal microbiota facilitates the health of the host, is called Competitive Exclusion.
While vaccines may offer effective protection against the bacterial strains they are intended for, a healthy complex intestinal microbiota can reasonably be expected to be beneficial for the health of the bird in a wider perspective, as the whole concept of competitive exclusion has a more universal nature.
Now-a-days, Competitive exclusion products for poultry are most frequently used to establish a natural-like microbiota in the intestine of day-old chicks.
How to get balanced microbiome??
Microbiome comprises of bacteria, fungi, protozoa & viruses. GIT harbours over 640 different species of bacteria & more than 20 different hormones. A balanced microbiome means that the concentration of favourable microbes is more and adequate than unfavourable microbes.
Importance of balanced intestinal microbiota in gut
With modernization in poultry sector, young chicks are becoming more and more sensitive to bacterial pathogens such as Salmonella sp. In natural habitat, the mother hen acts as the source of the intestinal microbiota of a day-old chick, but young chicks are becoming more susceptible to intestinal disturbances and to several pathogenic infection, due to this missing link.
Moving towards alternatives
In past decades, various antibiotics were quite commonly used in intensive poultry production, both to facilitate growth and to avoid problems with bacterial pathogens. However, it is reasonable to assume that many of the antibiotics used also had a negative impact on the natural intestinal and even on environmental microbiota of the poultry flocks. Consumers in many major markets are increasingly aware of the quality aspects of poultry production, not least when it comes to microbiological quality, the use of antibiotics, and animal welfare.
Intensive amount of research has been focused on the development of alternatives to antibiotics to maintain health and performance. Efficacy of alternatives of Antibiotic Growth Promoter (AGP’s) is primarily based on antimicrobial effects and their ability to influence and partly modify the composition and overall concentration of intestinal microflora. Some are Organic acids, Probiotics, Prebiotics, Essential oil compounds, Zn and Cu compounds and have been described by the general term ‘eubiotics’, referring to an optimal balance of microflora in the gastrointestinal tract. Since, a healthy gut is essential for productivity as with a healthy gut, we can work preventively to reduce antibiotic use without losing profits.
A holistic approach to gut health looks at the whole picture, not just focusing on enteric diseases, but working on all contributing factors and considering the complex interactions between different parts: Feed, microbiota and host immunity.
Salient role of dietary factors in conserving gut integrity
The nature and type of feed ingredients plays paramount role on the integrity of the GIT of birds. Because dietary intake or nutritional status as well as nutrient requirements may be altered as a result of disease or stress, this may eventually alter the gut microflora and intestinal mucosal integrity, resulting in a compromised barrier of the intestinal epithelium. The weakening of the intestinal integrity could result in an increase in bacterial adherence to the mucosa, bacterial translocation, susceptibility to opportunistic bacterial infection, and mis-appropriation of nutrients.
Supplementation of quality feed ingredients helps in maintaining natural gut health. Nutritional deficiency due to imbalance in ration formulation, grain engorgement, microbial load in feed etc. affect gut health.
Processing feed like extrusion and Pelleting is highly effective in reducing microbial contamination in feedstuffs and in Salmonella control. Pelleting provides scope for utilization of high fibre feed resources. Use of steam- pelleted feed seems to be of value in maintaining gut health.
Feed toxins and toxicants can also affect the gut integrity; thus, toxin binders are used through feed to bind or adsorb deleterious substances such as mold and fungi-borne mycotoxins.
Acidifiers or Organic acids play a role in maintaining gut integrity in the way that they reduce the colonization of pathogens (like Salmonella and E. coli) in intestinal wall by lowering the intestinal pH below 6.0, and promoting the normal microflora growth. This environment also increases the efficiency of all digestive enzymes. Daily application of short chain fatty acids such as Butyric acids increases epithelial cell proliferation, quick repairing of the intestine, increased villous height and in turn increased absorptive capacity.
Additional supplementation of enzymes can enhance digestive capacity of birds. Feeding high viscosity cereal grains to broilers result in larger microbial populations in the ileum. Viscous environment slows down digestion processes, and encapsulates nutrients, making them inaccessible to digestive enzymes. Viscous gels are formed in the digesta by the soluble NSP, which are not digested by the animal’s own enzymes, thus inhibit absorption. The addition of enzymes to address NSP viscosity can improve gut health, feed efficiency, improve manure quality and facilitate the use of lower cost feed ingredients.
GIT microbiota
The rich bacterial community that makes up the gut micro flora play an important role for the host through changes in the morphology of gut, nutrition, pathogenesis of enteric diseases, immune response and alterations in colonization resistance. The shift in composition of this microflora results in production and efficiency losses often in the absence of any clinical signs. Useful microbes (commensal bacteria) in gut play a positive role in controlling the gut flora and stimulate the development of the gut wall. Hence, microbial balance of gut is utmost important in maintaining gut integrity.
Probiotics are live microbial feed supplements which beneficially affect the host by improving its intestinal microbial balance. These are most effective in birds during microflora development or when microflora stability is impaired. Benefit of probiotics with respect to health status and performance is expected to be highest in chicks as they have not yet developed a stable gut microflora. Competitive adhesion of probiotic microorganisms to epithelial receptors prevents the attachment of pathogenic bacteria. Besides this, they increase synthesis of lactic acid to maintain intestinal pH, increases production of specific antibacterial substances, reduces production of toxic amines and decrease ammonia level in the gastro-intestinal tract.
Prebiotics are non-digestible oligosaccharides which are fed in order to control or manipulate microbial composition and activity, thereby assisting to maintain a beneficial microflora. Prebiotics include a diversity of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) or oligosaccharides including mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS), fructans (FOS and inulin), oligofructose etc. Dietary inclusion levels of potential prebiotics are usually 0.1 to 0.5 per cent. They give resistance to gastric acidity, helps hydrolysis by digestive enzymes and enhances gastrointestinal absorption, fermentation by intestinal microflora and selective stimulation of the growth and/or activity of those intestinal bacteria that contribute to health and well-being.
Synbiotics are the combination of prebiotics and probiotics. Although use of probiotic formulations may well help in achieving these benefits, it is also possible to increase and maintain a healthy bacterial gut flora by increasing the amounts of prebiotics in the diet such as inulin (naturally occurring oligosaccharides), raw oats, and unrefined wheat. As probiotics are mainly active in the small intestine and prebiotics are only effective in the large intestine, the combination of the two gives a synergistic effect. Appropriate combinations of pre- and probiotics are termed as synbiotics.
Essential oils show a potential for the replacement of antibiotic growth promoters due to presence of various active ingredients like thymol, carvacrol, eugenol and apparently no side effects. Due to their antibacterial activity, they might be able to modify the composition of intestinal microflora and to exert beneficial effects on performance of broilers and layers. It also increases digestive enzyme production. Essential oil showed an overall modification of the microflora, a reduction of Clostridium perfringens, a decrease in E. coli numbers in intestine of birds. Cinnamaldehyde has shown to inhibit the growth of Clostridium perfringens and Bacteroides fragilis. Carvacrol and thymol can sensitize the cell walls (including membranes) and cause significant membrane damages, leading to integrity collapse of the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane, leakage of vital intracellular contents and eventually death of the bacterial cells and these has very less effect on useful microbiota.
Gut immune responses are tightly controlled to remain tolerant of the commensal microbiota, while concurrently maintaining the capacity to respond appropriately to harmful insults.
Maintaining gut immune homeostasis, while mounting protective immunity to pathogens is primarily achieved through:
(1) Limiting direct bacterial contact with the intestinal epithelium
(2) Rapid detection and removal of pathogens that penetrate the epithelium.
The gut microbiota derives nutrients from the host’s diet or endogenous secretions, whilst enhancing the nutritional value of the diet through the synthesis of essential nutrients (e.g., vitamins) and the production of complimentary enzymes (e.g., non-starch polysaccharidases). During the depolymerization of dietary polysaccharides, gut bacteria produce short chain fatty acids (acetate followed by propionate and butyrate).
Probiotics colonizes the intestine with microbes with desirable attributes that can promote competitive exclusion and/or promote beneficial gut barrier and immune function.
Prebiotics helps in shaping the gut microbiome and, in turn, immune capability.
Exogenous enzymes, plant-derived compounds, organic acids including butyric acid and mycotoxin mitigation (limit intestinal damage and suppression of immune responses) for strengthening gut immunity.
Combinations of probiotics, prebiotics and essential oil can be adopted in order to get all the benefits at once, to achieve holistic health. Nutricare offers a combination of probiotics, prebiotics and essential oil fortified with vitamins and minerals, which is effective alternative to antibiotics. Power of oregano oil, thyme oil, cinnamaldehyde, prebiotics, probiotics and nutrients effectively reduce pathogens like E. coli, Salmonella, Clostridia and increases the gut fauna like Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Saccharomyces. By enhancing intestinal villi length, increases nutrient absorption, thus maximises weight gain and improves the carcass characteristics. It also aids in enhancing digestive secretions and digestibility of feed. Boost’s immunity, stimulates growth and has antioxidant role.
More details can be reached at www.nutricare.in
Antibiotic resistance in animals is a growing issue that urgently needs to be addressed. Antimicrobial agents are frequently used in animal husbandry as an alternative or supplement to feed additives such as antibiotics, and this prophylactic scheme/model/pattern has contributed to the development of antimicrobial resistance. The overuse of antimicrobials can lead to resistant strains developing; for example, when antibiotics are routinely given for minor ailments which would otherwise heal on their own. This post will explore several possible solutions and explain how we can avoid a future where our only option is to rearrange/remodel the established treatment methods for humans, which no longer provide desired effects.
The problem of antibiotic-resistant bacteria
Prepared By: Justyna Andrysiak
The moment of introducing antibiotics was a turning point in medicine. Antibiotics revolutionized the industry, displacing other methods of combating microorganisms, and contributed to the development of various medical therapies, e.g., chemotherapy, and transplantation. It appeared to be a bold, new world and everyone was on board. People put their trust in this medical marvel. The phenomenon of antibiotic resistance appeared at the beginning of antibiotic discovery, but due to the rate of discovery and introduction of new antibiotics, it did not raise much concern. However, with time, the amount of new and effective antibiotics has drastically decreased, and the problem of antibiotic resistance has become more noticeable. Even before commercially available antibiotics were introduced, this had always been a cause of concern as a natural process. While natural compounds functioned as antibacterials in low doses, therapeutic doses accelerated the healing, as well as the resistance rate. Like all living organisms, Bacteria want to survive. They develop mechanisms that adapt them to unfavorable conditions, e.g. make them resistant to therapeutic agents. Unfortunately, antibiotic resistance is significantly influenced by their overuse, not only in the treatment of diseases, but also when used as growth promoting agents in plant cultivation and animal breeding. Regarding the latter, up to 73% of antibiotics are used worldwide. The greatest consumption is in aquaculture, where even tons of antibiotics are released into the waters and consequently accumulate in the environment. This affects not only the development of antibiotic resistance but also the destruction of the ecosystem. Resolving the antibiotic resistance in animals became an issue that must be addressed right away.
How does Bacteria develop resistance?
Bacteria acquire resistance through gene mutations and horizontal gene transfer: conjugation (collection/transfer of genetic material from/to another bacteria), transformation (collection of genetic material from the environment), transduction (with the participation of bacteriophages). Moreover, bacterial cells can achieve transient, genetically uncoded resistance through processes such as growth in biofilms, swarming adaptation, metabolic dormancy, and persistence.
Looking for other strategies is desirable
Due to the declining effectiveness of antibiotics, it is important to slow down the process of acquiring antibiotic resistance by bacteria and to seek and develop other methods of disease prevention and treatment. Introduction of prescription-only antibiotics would help greatly, as in many countries the access is too easy. Discouraging the antibiotics’ abuse will help slow down the process of developing resistance.
The use of antibiotics in feed and aquaculture must also be eliminated to the necessary minimum. This problem has been discussed many times in the European Union and it was assumed that in 2022 there will be introduced a law banning the use of antibiotics which are of particular importance in medicine. Even for animals, antibiotics should be available by prescription-only, after dispensation by a veterinarian.
Increasing the availability of rapid diagnostic tests to detect the etiology of the disease is essential. The use of antibiotics to combat viral infections must be strongly discouraged. This includes cases of pharyngitis, the viral case for which doctors often recommend antibiotic treatments.
Additionally, vaccines are an important preventive measure to help develop immunity against various diseases.
Despite all of the above, the most essential way to bypass this problem of resistance is the use of bacteriophages.
Finding new ways to resolve the issue of developing antibiotic resistance for animals in future is important.
Phage therapy as a “rediscovered” path
Bacteriophages are bacterial viruses that recognize specific species and even strains of bacteria. The name also means “bacterium eater”. Phage therapy was introduced a century ago but was discontinued after the introduction of antibiotics. However, research was continued in places such as Russia, Georgia, and Poland. Institutions which are well-known for their long-term activity in the field of bacteriophages are Eliava Institute of Bacteriophage, Microbiology and Virology, founded in 1923 in Tbilisi, Georgia and the Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, founded in 1952 in Wroclaw, Poland.
Initially, bacteriophages were used mainly in the treatment of typhoid fever, dysentery, skin and surgical wound infections, peritonitis, septicemia, urinary tract infections, and external otitis, but also in pneumonia, meningitis, osteomyelitis, and postsurgical infections in cancer patients. The allegations that questioned the effectiveness of the bacteriophages mainly included insufficient methodology design. Bacteriophages have regained the interest through a more detailed understanding of phage biology, genetics, immunology, and pharmacology. Many studies suggest that properly developed bacteriophage cocktails give very satisfactory results, both in medicine, agriculture, and aquaculture.
Phage therapy has a good chance of success
The use of bacteriophages is promising because they act very specifically. This means that they will not act negatively on the microflora, unlike antibiotics. The undoubted advantages are inactivation after they neutralize all target bacteria and spontaneous reproduction. Therefore, small, and single doses are usually sufficient.
Moreover, bacteria striving to develop resistance against phages have a much more difficult task, because phages counteract and through evolution bypass the bacterial defense mechanisms. The tendency of bacteria to develop phage resistance is about ten times slower than in case of antibiotics. Also, phage-resistant bacteria do not possess such qualities in regards to other phages, which still have similar target range. Lastly, phage-resistancy should not be always associated with negative effects. It frequently effects in a decline in bacterial virulence because of the lost ability for colonization and an increase in sensitivity to other phages.
The bacteriophages mode of action may seem/(appear as) to be a disadvantage for some people, and in fact it is a limitation, but mainly in the context of sterilizing, e.g., laboratory equipment and surfaces or limiting the number of microorganisms in food products. However, for the treatment of diseases, specificity is highly desirable. Animals, including humans, are colonized by numerous bacteria that enable the proper functioning of the body, and killing them can lead to troublesome and long-term consequences, such as chronic diarrhea and susceptibility to various diseases. Living organisms come into daily contact with pathogenic bacteria, which are eliminated by the immune system. Microbiota also participates in this process, since it competes for a place to live, preventing other bacteria from growing in their vicinity. Moreover, the problem with narrow spectrum of action can be easily circumvented by creating cocktails containing different phages.
Another reason in favor of phage therapy is the high prevalence of viruses, thanks to which they are easily found in the environment. Moreover, there are many naturally occurring virulent bacteriophages which are lethal to bacteria, and additionally they constantly evolve parallel to the bacteria. Many antibiotics only inhibit multiplication of bacteria instead of killing them, which increases their ability to adapt.
Currently, large technological advances, including the development of efficient tools and techniques, make it possible to significantly increase the effectiveness of phage therapies. Thanks to novel bioinformatics tools and sequencing technology, it is very easy and quick to determine whether the tested bacteriophage is virulent or only inhibits the growth of bacteria. It is also possible to identify the best conditions for a given bacteriophage in which it is most active. As a result, various stabilizing solutions are created that maintain effectiveness and bioactivity even for months.
Disadvantageous factors which must be paid special attention/that should be highlighted are thermal and pH stability. We must bear in mind that Many bacteriophages are most active at neutral pH. The creation of bacteriophage cocktails offers great opportunities to target potentially pathogenic bacteria, while preserving the microflora. Moreover, the constantly expanding knowledge and technical possibilities will contribute to the development of increasingly effective production methods on an industrial scale, and to the reduction of production costs, which are already relatively cheap.
In every sense, bacteriophages are the present and the future. The revolution has begun and will be the new marvel that medicine desperately needs.
Prepared By: Justyna Andrysiak
Gordillo Altamirano FL, Barr JJ. Phage therapy in the post antibiotic era. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2019;32(2):e00066–18.
Chan BK, Abedon ST, Loc-Carrillo C. Phage cocktails and the future of phage therapy. Future Microbiol. 2013;8(6):769–783.
Loc-Carrillo C, Abedon ST. Pros and cons of phage therapy. Bacteriophage. 2011;1(2):111–114.
Reardon S. Phage therapy gets revitalized. Nature. 2014;510(7503):15–16.
Kowalska JD, Kazimierczak J, Sowińska PM, Wójcik EA, Siwicki AK, Dastych J. Growing trend of fighting infections in aquaculture environment-opportunities and challenges of phage therapy. Antibiotics (Basel). 2020;9(6):301.
The pandemic indeed snatched away a lot of opportunities for many people but proved to be eventful for two brothers in Delhi. Wyldox, a multinational water treatment company, emerged a year ago with the initiative of Kartik Aggarwal and Varun Aggarwal. Even though they had the option of joining their family business, a multinational private group working in the water treatment sector and other urban industries, the duo had something else in mind.
Wyldox: Torchbearers of the Water Treatment Industry
Wyldox is an emerging multi-national brand developing safe-to-use, next generation water treatment solutions. Currently, they are exporting their products globally to 7+ countries like Colombia, Chile, Nigeria, Nepal, Oman, Australia & New Zealand, serving industries like poultry, dairy, aqua, food & beverage processing, swimming pools and human drinking water.
The emergence of Wyldox is not merely business, but it entails a humanitarian motive of providing access to disease-free water to livestock animals. A year ago, when the founders of Wyldox were looking for an opportunity to make an impact in the water treatment sector, they found a major loophole in the poultry industry. They noticed that even after there being so much advancement in the chemicals & poultry sector, still the farmers were suffering from the same old problems of E. Coli, High mortality, and poor biosecurity. Also, some of the ineffective and costly products that the farmers were using were carcinogenic in nature, i.e., the products form cancer-related particles in the water, in turn, harshly affecting poultry production and hurting the farm profitability.
These products consequently failed in killing the bacteria present in the water. This failure resulted in the bacteria becoming accustomed to the chemical being used, sustaining its effect without dying. The bacteria-infected water, in turn, affected the livestock on the farm, leading to severe losses to the farmer. Kartik and Varun saw these problematic undertakings, and knew they had to come up with a solution that solves these problems, and at the same time is super cost-effective to the farmer.
Wyldox came into existence to help eliminate this problem. The founders decided to create non-carcinogenic solutions and products which would destroy the E. coli and other bacterial components present in the contaminated water and would serve as a One-Stop Solution to all the Water & Biosecurity needs of a poultry farm.
As such, Wyldox relentlessly tried to formulate a product that would prove successful, and they stood triumphant. Initially, they sold their products to small and private poultry farms. And when they observed positive responses from their clients, they thought of approaching the giants of the poultry industry.
Wyldox: The one-stop solution for better farming
With the group’s 30 years of experience in the water treatment industry, they introduced Wyldox, the Next-Generation Chlorine Dioxide. They understood what the farmers and their farms needed and offered solutions that:
Kills 99.9% of water-borne microorganisms like bacteria, virus, protozoa, cysts, etc.
Against which bacteria can never develop any resistance
Is Internationally certified from the top agencies
Does not form harmful disinfection by-products
Works against wide pH range
Wyldox diligently gained popularity for its super-effective results and its ability to disinfect a large amount of water in just 1kg of the product. Wyldox covers the water and biosecurity needs of the farm like shed sanitization, sanitization in the presence of birds, spraying on the cooling pads, etc. Their 500+ satisfied domestic and international clients have an efficacious story to tell. The customer relation and transparency aspect of the company has been proven to be quite promising.
Water is the essential component for the nurturing of livestock, yet it is often overlooked. Even though Wyldox is consistently trying to purify the farm water through their solutions, it is significant that the farmers understand the importance of water in the flourishing of their livestock and attempt to inculcate the right water treatment solutions for their farms.
Srinivasa and Wyldox: Client Becomes Partner
After deciding to introduce their product to the poultry giants of India, they reached out to several groups, including Srinivasa Farms. Wyldox started doing business with Srinivasa in September 2020, when they started a trial on their worst-performing unit. This unit was suffering from a high mortality rate, contaminated water, high medical expenses, low production, and a number of other problems.
After using Wyldox on a continuous basis in this unit, Srinivasa started witnessing spectacular results, which in-turn, turned the worst-performing unit of the group into one of the best-performing farm. This noteworthy deliverance of Wyldox commenced a profitable and positive business relationship with Srinivasa. Today, all of their farms are running on Wyldox with excellent results.
Scanning through the history of Srinivasa, they are a pioneer in the Indian Poultry Industry. Over the years, Srinivasa has become a leading Poultry Breeding company in the country, also one of the largest producers of layer birds in India. They have earned a reputation of being a pioneer in adopting & setting international standards of quality, hygiene and efficiency in this industry.
In recent years, Srinivasa Farms has invented unique possibilities by creating opportunities for small-scale agriculturists to comprehend the full scope and potential of this business and empowered illiterate farmers to benefit from the latest technologies & trends, through knowledge transfer. The Vice-President and Managing Director of the company, Mr. Suresh Chitturi, also the chairman of the International Egg Commission (IEC), with his team, is leading the Srinivasa’s poultry business towards great heights.
In April 2021, Wyldox and Srinivasa established a partnership/ co-branding to provide the customers in the South Indian states with the Next-Generation solution, namely Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, and Telangana. The product is sold under the name Wyldox-Srinivasa, with the poultry giant looking after the business for the poultry and whole livestock market of South India. The collaboration between the two powerful businesses aim to benefit all the livestock farmers and make them aware of what is fruitful for their farming business.
Future of the Partnership
The partnership between Wyldox and Srinivasa is sure to bloom, with beneficial effects on the poultry, dairy, and aqua industry of the country. Both the companies, individually, have steady business foundations, which they will utilize to increase the overall profitability of the farmers.
As a team, their aim is to introduce the farmers, from the smallest to the biggest, to something that works, is cost-effective, serves as a One-Stop solution and will ultimately help in increasing the farmer’s overall profitability, through Wyldox Srinivasa.
Though Wyldox and Srinivasa have a strong future as separate enterprises, as partners, their future includes being an asset to every Indian and international farmer who has been suffering endlessly due to impure water and ineffective & costly products. The Wyldox-Srinivasa partnership is sure to Turn The Farms Into Future Farms Like Never Before.
The future of the animal food industry is invested in the organic revolution, due to the worldwide awareness of the health benefits associated with holistic living. The natural supplement industry is foreseeing a huge surge for evidence-based scientific herbal products. This growing market demands exceptionally high-quality and consistently efficient natural products.
One of the major issues in assuring the consistent quality of herbal products is the natural variation of endogenous phytochemicals that occur in plants. The phytochemical “fingerprint” of a particular species of plants can vary drastically depending on the age of the plant, soil conditions, weather conditions, farming practices, time of harvest, geographical location, post-harvest processing, and many other factors, leading to inconsistent results of the final herbal products. The solution to this is by standardization of the product during manufacturing. Our intention through a series of articles is to provide evidence on what is? And why is it? There is a mandatory need for standardization of herbal powders to ensure high efficiency and consistency in each batch.
This article series will take the readers through a journey of rigorous standardization process of standardized botanical powders (SBPs) that begins at the grass-root through the procurement of raw material by supervised contract farming or other means; assurance of evidence-backed consistency in quality until its packaging before reaching the end-user. The current article shall provide in-depth knowledge of what SBPs are; and their benefits in the poultry diet.
What are Standardized Botanical Powders (SBPs)?
Standardized Botanical Powders (SBPs) are herbal powders whose specific phytochemical active concentrations are standardized with minimal variation, to ensure efficient phyto-active function in the animal’s body. Through standardization of botanical powders, the product can be monitored for consistency and it provides the expected results in the animals.
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Processing of Standardized Botanical Powders
Botanicals are processed in different ways as shown in Figure 1 depending upon the end-use and also, sometimes, depending on the inherent nature of the botanical itself. Let us take the example of Withania somnifera known as “Ashwagandha” in Ayurveda; the phyto-actives are present in its roots. The dried roots are powdered finely to produce Ashwagandha straight powder. This powder is then standardized with reference to the phytochemical markers chosen; this would also be the constituent that is responsible for its botanical effect in the body. The standardization process of the phytochemical assures consistency in its biological effects in each batch, and these are referred to as SBPs.
Figure1: Schematic representation of processing of botanicals during manufacture
Why are SBPs a more holistic way to approach phytochemical supplementation?
Figure 2: Schematic representation of the Tonoplast
Phytochemicals like alkaloids, terpenes, phenolic compounds, and flavonoids are produced by the plants for self-defence and are stored in a specialized organelle known as the vacuole, which is encapsulated by a membrane known as tonoplast. Once the SBP is fed to the animal, the tonoplast disintegrates in the gut of the animals, which in turn releases the phytochemicals present in it. The natural encapsulation that nature provides to plants to protect its phytochemicals is preserved during manufacture. This ensures optimum phytochemical delivery to the animals.
How are the Standardized Botanical Powders different from botanical extracts?
The SBPs are simple straight powders of the botanical plant part which have scientific evidence of health benefits associated with their use. Unlike extracts, the manufacturing of SBP does not involve any extraction, elimination, or concentration of individual components. They can be used as functional food ingredients just as the herbal extracts are used. Generally, SBPs require larger oral doses to attain the health benefits. Extracts are often preferred only when the volume of the oral dose is an issue. Technically the SBPs are as good as extracts because the extracts are produced from the same herbs.
Table 1: Compared to other phytogenic, SBPs are more holistic since they contain all the constituents of a plant which assist in bringing about the desired results in animals.
Biological advantages of using SBP
SBPs have multiple modes of action with a systemic effect on different organ systems in a synergistic manner, due to different composite of phytochemicals inherently present in them. SBPs show synergistic and/or additive effects due to a composite number of phytochemicals in them.
SBPs contain high fibre content that provides several benefits, in digestion and feed absorption. They are also useful to the gut microflora.
The raw materials for SBPs are produced by supervised, responsible, and sustainable farming, to assure good quality. Hence, we possess the capability to trace them back to their origin up to the supplier level.
Secondary metabolites (the potent phytochemicals) are present in their natural packaging, known as the tonoplast.
SBPs are assessed for their physical properties such as particle size, for uniform mixing; Thermo-stability at 120°C for 5 minutes at 15 psi pressure; chemical consistency from batch to batch; and microbial analysis for safety.
SBPs are manufactured with the holistic principles of Ayurveda and modern scientific technologies.
Currently marketed SBPs contain a combination of botanicals, whose desired phytochemicals are standardised to give specific biological effects in the animals.
Natural Remedies Pvt Ltd is offering opportunity to work as Zonal Manager (South Zone) – Poultry Division.
Position – Zonal Manager (South Zone) – Poultry Division
Education Qualification – Post Graduation (BVSc Preferred)
Experience – 7-8 years
Competency Required :
– Ability to Manage the Managers-Team player
– B2B Sales Management
– Excellent Communication & Negotiation skills
– Go beyond product needs to assess business potential and add value to the relationship
– Organize company resources to build customer-focused relationships
– Develop consultative problem solving and a willingness to change
Roles & Responsibilities :
Implements the marketing strategies to grow the business in poultry trade and Corporates of the Zone
Understand the need of market and develop business propositions for future expansion & growth
Identification of new avenues for business growth
Develop and retain a team of committed people
Coaching & hand-holding team member
Quarterly evaluation of all team members on the performance factor
Analysis and timely feedback on RRO and Brand movement
Natural Remedies is the leading herbal healthcare company in India. They manufacture and market top quality herbal veterinary and human healthcare products. The healthcare products are GMP and Kosher certified. In 25 years of its existence, Natural Remedies has successfully carved its own niche in the Indian market as the No.1 Herbal Veterinary Healthcare Company. Striving to be the best version of ourselves is at the heart of our team vision and each milestone accomplished inspires us to broaden our horizons and aim higher each time. Their brand identity is an expression of ‘Creating Happiness by Winning Together’. Because, happiness for all is the ultimate destination for the success of our business and brand.
Summary – Managing stress involves identifying our beliefs and making those smaller changes. In this article the author draws analogy from football to explain the simple concepts.
Several of my clients keep asking me as to how could they manage stress. They seem to think they are overwhelmed. In this article I intend to provide some simple techniques that could help you manage stress. I will be using the research done regarding Penalty shoot outs in football to explain the concepts. For more on this research pl read the article cited in the end. Before that, let us accept that stress free life is not possible and some amount of stress is indeed beneficial as it keeps us on our toes.
Self-limiting belief – England believe that Penalty shootout is just a lottery and is completely dependent on chance. This is in fact partially true. But what is also true is that penalty shoot requires skill, positive approach, your energy and motivation levels. No wonder England is below average in Penalty shootout conversions by good 10 percentage points. They dread shoot outs as the memories of crushing defeats linger in their mind.
Believe in your ability and focus on what you could do in the given situation. Look for such self-limiting beliefs. For instance, if you believe managers are task masters, even a simple instruction from your manager you may find it imposing.
Focus on the goal and not the obstacle.
Psychologists say, the player after placing the ball in the spot should not look at the goal keeper for long. Instead look for the top right or left corner of the goal post as historically the chances are scoring are very high if you hit there compared to shots closer to the ground.
The more you focus on the obstacles, you lose focus on what you intend to achieve and spend most of your time on the hurdles.
Take the issues head on and don’t run away
Players are trained not to show their back to the goal keeper as it will give the goal keeper subtle clues as to what the striker is going to do. So they place the ball at the spot and walk backwards facing the goal post. Learn to face issues with confidence and learn from these situations.
Avoiding them, procrastination or denying offer little help as the issue will ultimately haunt you sooner.
Don’t be impulsive. Take your time
Players who took less than 200 milliseconds for the shot after the whistle of referee have only succeeded 57% of time while those took about a second were successful 80% of the time.
Take a deep breath. Visualise the best possible outcome and give it your best. You are more prone to make mistakes when you are in a hurry.
Always focus on best possible outcome rather than setbacks.
Study suggests that when the player takes the kick which would result in a win, he/she is successful 90% of the time. While a player who takes the kick where missing would lead to defeat, he/she is successful only 57% of the time.
You need to fill your mind with things like how does the best outcome looks like and what could you do to get there. Too much focus on loss aversion might result in higher chances of failure and frustration.
Managing stress comes by practice and you working on your beliefs. It happens over a period of time. Keep focused and keep making improvements. You will emerge successful. There is a quote which goes like this “difficult roads lead to beautiful destinations”. Think about beautiful destinations, journey becomes less stressful. Choice is ours.
About the author: Mr. Pattabiraman Nagarajan is a HR professional, Consultant, trainer and an ICF certified coach. Has managed organization change and aligned HR practices to ensure business growth. He holds master degree in Social work and a PG diploma in Business management from IIM Trichy. He could be reached at npattabiraman@relyonus.in
June 26, 2021: In the election of the Executive Council of the World’s Poultry Science Association-Bangladesh branch, Moshiur Rahman has been elected President and Md. Mahabub Hasan has been elected General Secretary.
Names of Executive Council for the term 2021-2022 was announced by the Chairman of the Election Commission, Prof. Dr. Nur Mohammad Talukder.
Elected Members at WPSA Bangladesh
Kazi Zahin Hasan has been elected as the senior Vice-President of the newly elected executive council. Vice-President. Md. Sirajul Haque and Jahidul Islam; Mohammad Faizur Rahman (Fayez) as Joint General Secretary and Treasurer. Dr. Biplob Kumar Pramanik has been elected. Dr. has also been selected as a member of the Veterinary Science category. Md. Al Amin, Dr. Md. Nurul Islam Shaon and Dr. Md. Ghiyasuddin. Dr. has been elected as a member in the animal husbandry category. Nathuram Sarkar, Dr. ABM Khaleduzzaman and Md. Asaduzzaman Mezbah. Selected in the industry category – Shah Fahad Habib, Md. Shaheen Shah and Shamsul Arefin Khaled.
Direct election of members in Veterinary category only was held today. Others have been elected unopposed.
Dr. Md. Al Amin, KAM Business Leader, Elanco Bangladesh Ltd.
Dr. Md. Nurul Islam Shaon, Head of Sales, Animal Health Division, Incepta Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Dr. Md. Ghiyasuddin, former Chief Scientific Officer, BLRI
Dr. M Nazrul Islam, Managing Director, Advanced Bioproducts Ltd.;
After the announcement of the results, General Secretary of the outgoing committee. Ali Imam congratulated the newly elected members and thanked the Election Commission member Prof. to conduct the election smoothly. Nur Mohammad Talukder, Professor Abedur Reza and Dr. He expressed his sincere gratitude to Rahim Uddin Ahmed.
Catalyst LifeSciences Pvt. Ltd., the quality certified multi-divisional organization dedicated to the development and marketing of innovative and value added nutritional solutions, is looking for Key Account Managers for North and West India for Poultry segments. Also looking for progressive Distributors / Dealers in animal nutrition business.
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Indian Federation of Animal Health Companies popularly known as INFAH is the united progressive force of companies & non-profit organizations working towards animal health care. INFAH heads strong with 52 member companies belonging to different genres of animal husbandry industry of India right from feed manufacturers, medical support systems to researchers.
Created to promote ethical practices and enhance Animal health Industry’s value and contribution in the society, INFAH also offers a dynamic platform to create awareness about controlling diseases, provide effective treatments and improve overall productivity of animals.